Medicinal Plants

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  • Dudura
    Botanical name: Datura metel
    Family: Solanaceae
    Local name: Dudura, Dhatura, Dhaladudura
    Common name: Indian beech, Seashore mempari, pongame oil tree, pongam tree.
    Parts used: Leaf, seeds
    Plant character: It is an annual shrub with white tubular flowers and round spiny fruits. This plant needs full sun, fertile soil and regular watering. Commonly grows in the wild but can be cultivated.

    USES:

    Leaf juice is slightly warmed and applied on the affected part to cure rheumatism. Dry leaves and seeds are burnt and smoked as cigarette to control asthma.

    Botanical name: Datura metel

    Family: Solanaceae

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  • Gaba
    Botanical name: Ricinus communis
    Family: Euphorbiaceae
    Local name: Gaba, Jada
    Common name: Castor oil plant
    Parts used: Seeds
    Plant character: It is a large shrub or small tree. The leaves are large, peltate, glaucous beneath. Flowers in terminal racemes, yellowish-white. Fruits spiny; seeds brown, mottled. This plant prefers full sun, but it can grow in partial shade. The species grow gregariously in waste places and are also cultivated for its seed oil.

    USES:

    The seeds are used in traditional medicine for abdominal disorders, arthritis, backache, muscle aches, bilharziasis, chronic backache and sciatica, chronic headache, constipation, menstrual cramps, rheumatism, sleeplessness, and insomnia. The seeds are a source of castor oil.

    Botanical name: Ricinus communis

    Family: Euphorbiaceae

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  • Gangasiuli
    Botanical name: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
    Family: Oleaceae
    Local name: Gangasiuli, Singadahar, Sefali
    Common name: Tree of sadness/night blooming jasmine
    Parts used: Leaf, flower, seeds
    Plant character: It is a small night-flowering tree with flaky grey bark, simple leaves and small fragrant flowers having white petals and orange tube. It requires full sun or part shade. Wild in dry deciduous forests also planted in the gardens and parks for its fragrant flower.

    USES:

    Leaves have been used in Homeopathy and Ayurvedic medicine mainly to cure malaria and other fevers, arthritis, obstinate sciatica and hyper acidity.

    Botanical name: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis

    Family: Oleaceae

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  • Gayasa
    Botanical name: Leucas aspera
    Family: Lamiaceae
    Local name: Gayasa, Gaisha saga
    Common name: Thumabi, Thumba
    Parts used: Leaf
    Plant character: It is an erect and branched annual herb with hairt aromatic leaves and white flowers. It needs full sunlight but can withstand partial shade. Wild in waste places, roadsides, cultivated fields and forest edges.

    USES:

    The tender leaves are edible as a leafy vegetable. The leaves are crushed and the juice is used to cure cough and cold. Paste of leaves is massaged over gums and teeth to cure mouth ulcer.

    Botanical name: Leucas aspera

    Family: Lamiaceae

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  • Ghikuanari
    Botanical name: Aloe vera
    (=Aloe barbadensis)
    Family: Liliaceae
    Local name: Ghikuanari, Ghritakumari
    Common name: Aloevera
    Parts used: Leaf (Gel)
    Plant character: Aloe vera is a short-stemmed succulent herb with fleshy and spine-edged leaves. It performs best in full sun. It grows wild but are extensively cultivated in homesteads, gardens and parks.

    USES:

    Aloe-vera has clear gel and it is widely used to manufacture of cosmetics and health tonics. Traditionally Aloe vera is used in skin treatment, leucorrhoea and to cure migraine.

    Botanical name: Aloe vera

    Family: Liliaceae

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  • Gudamari
    Botanical name: Gymnema sylvestre
    Family: Asclepiadaceae
    Local name: Gudamari, Mendi, Madhunasini
    Common name: Gymnema, Gurmar
    Parts used: Leaf
    Plant character: It is a slender climber with hairy stems and leaves. Flowers are small, greenish-yellow; fruits poniard-shaped, acute at apex. It thrives best in full sunlight to partial sunlight. It is wild in forests and village hedges; also cultivated.

    USES:

    Traditionally leave extracts have been used to cure diseases like constipation, diabetes, cough, stomach problem and viral infections. The leaves when chewed, keep the tongue tasteless for sometime.

    Botanical name: Gymnema sylvestre

    Family: Asclepiadaceae

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  • Guduchi
    Botanical name: Tinospora cordifolia
    Family: Menispermaceae
    Local name: Guduchi, Guluchilata, Giloy
    Common name: Indian tinospora
    Parts used: Stem, Stem bark, Aerial roots
    Plant character: It is a robust climber with aerial roots, corky bark. The leaves are cordate; flowers are greenish-white and fruits are deep red when ripe. It thrives in indirect sunlight. Very common in village thickets, hedges and on forest trees.

    USES:

    Tinospora cordifollais an important ayurvedic medicine used to cure all types of fever, jaundice, pain and also to boost immunity.

    Botanical name: Tinospora cordifolia

    Family: Menispermaceae

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  • Hadabhanga
    Botanical name: Cissus quadrangularis
    (=Vitis quadrangularis)
    Family: Vitaceae
    Local name: Hadabhanga, Hadajoda
    Common name: Adamant creeper
    Parts used: Winged stem
    Plant character: It is a perennial climbing plant with fleshy jointed stems and inconspicuous leaves. It is a sun-loving plant and need support to grow. The plant can survive in shady location with an occasional bright light but prefer sunlight. This can be grown as a succulent plant in gardens.

    USES:

    Stem is used for curing bone fracture, to stop nasal or ear bleeding.

    Botanical name: Cissus quadrangularis

    Family: Vitaceae

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  • Haladi
    Botanical name: Curcuma longa
    Family: Zingiberaceae
    Local name: Turmeric
    Common name: Turmeric
    Parts used: Rhizome
    Plant character: It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant. Flowers are yellow, inside prominent white bracts, borne on long-spikes. Rhizomes are yellow inside. These plants thrive best in full sun. It is a cultivated plant.

    USES:

    Turmeric with taken with jiggery to cure all types of eczema. Dried powder with water is applied on skin for skin diseases. Root is used for nasal bleeding and skin diseases.

    Botanical name: Curcuma longa

    Family: Zingiberaceae

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  • Harida
    Botanical name: Terminalia chebula
    Family: Combretaceae
    Local name: Harida, Haridra
    Common name: Chebulicmyrobalan
    Parts used: Fruit
    Plant character: It is a large, deciduous tree with obovate leaves and globose fruits. The flowers are yellowish-white, foetid. It prefers sunlight. It is wild in deciduous forests but also planted in parks, gardens.

    USES:

    In ayurvedic formulation of triphala used for constipation, colic pain and kidney dysfunctions, eye diseases, and sore throat. It is the main ingredient used for kidneys and liver dysfunctions. It is very useful for jaundice.

    Botanical name: Terminalia chebula

    Family: Combretaceae

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  • Indramarisha
    Botanical name: Acalypha indica
    Family: Euphorbiaceae
    Local name: Indramarisha
    Common name: Indian acalypha
    Parts used: Root, leaf
    Plant character: It is an erect annual herb with long-petioled ovate serrate leaves. Flowers minute, greenish-white, borne on inflorescence with leafy bracts. It prefers medium light and grows wild in waste places after monsoon rains; can be cultivated.

    USES:

    The root and leaf paste are used with turmeric to cure the skin disease. Leaf paste with lime juice is given in ringworm infection. The leaf paste is given to control dysentery.

    Botanical name: Acalypha indica

    Family: Euphorbiaceae

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  • Jamu
    Botanical name: Syzygium cumini
    (=Eugenia jambolana)
    Family: Myrtaceae
    Local name: Jamu, Jamukoli, Jamun
    Common name: Java Plum
    Parts used: Fruit, Seed, Leaf, Bark
    Plant character: It is an evergreen flowering plant with white flowers and deep purple to blue fleshy edible fruits. The plant needs full sunlight for ideal growth. Common along streams, river banks and damp forests; grown as avenue plant.

    USES:

    Fruits, leaves, seeds and bark are used in Ayurvedic medicine. Fruit extract is used to treat common cold, cough, asthma and dysentery. Leaves are used to stop vomiting and seeds to control diabetes. Seed power is administered for control of diabetes.

    Botanical name: Syzygium cumini

    Family: Myrtaceae

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  • Kaincha
    Botanical name: Abrus precatorious
    Family: Fabaceae
    Local name: Kaincha, Gunja
    Common name: Rusary pea, Crab’s eye
    Parts used: Root
    Plant character: It is a slender, perennial climber that twines around trees, shrubs and hedges. The leaves are compound and flowers are pink, light pink or white. The pods are cylindrical and ruptures on maturity. Seeds are red with black eye or white. It grows both in the sun and shade. Grows wild but can be cultivated.

    USES:

    The paste of root is applied on leucodermic spots on skins.

    Botanical name: Abrus precatorious

    Family: Fabaceae

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  • Kaintha
    Botanical name: Limonia acidissima
    (=Feronia elephantum)
    Family: Rutaceae
    Local name: Kaintha
    Common name: Wood apple, Elephant apple
    Parts used: Fruits
    Plant character: It is a large spiny tree, with rough, whitish bark, compound leaves, flesh-coloured flowers. Fruits are round, whitish-grey with sour pulp. The plant prefers full sunlight. It is self-shown in wastelands, near villages but widely cultivated in dry plain areas.

    USES:

    The fruits are used to make fruit juice and pickle. Many diseases like cough, dysentery, vomiting and heart diseases are cured by this plant.

    Botanical name: Limonia acidissima

    Family: Rutaceae

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  • Karanja
    Botanical name: Pongamia pinnata
    (=Pongamia glabra, Millettia pinnata)
    Family: Fabaceae
    Local name: Karanja
    Common name: Indian beech, Seashore mempari, pongame oil tree, pongam tree.
    Parts used: Bark,Stem, Seed oil
    Plant character: It is an evergreen tree with deep green compound leaves, pink/violet or bluish flowers. Pods are woody, angular; seeds yield oil. It grows well in both full sun and partial shade. Wild along streams, rivers and ponds; also planted.

    USES:

    Pongamia pinnata is effective for treating ulcers, gonorrhea, constipation, piles, skin diseases like scabies and pediculosis.

    Botanical name: Pongamia pinnata

    Family: Fabaceae

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  • Kasadura
    Botanical name: Eclipta prostrata
    (=Eclipta alba)
    Family: Asteraceae
    Local name: Kasadura, Kesatura
    Common name: False Daisy
    Parts used: Whole plant
    Plant character: It is a perennial herb of permanently wet habitats. The leaves are hairy; flowers are white, in compact heads. It can grow in semi-shade conditions. It grows wild in field bunds and moist waste places.

    USES:

    The poultice of the whole plant is used for healing wound and cuts. Leaf paste is used in snakebite and malarial fever. Traditionally, the leaf juice is used as a hair dye.

    Botanical name: Eclipta prostrata

    Family: Asteraceae

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